From complex ancient cities to intricate stone carvings on hieroglyphic temple stairways, the legacy of the ancient civilization of the Maya people spills from the jungle across Central America. Visiting the ruins of Mayan temples is one of the top reasons to explore this fascinating string of tropical, Spanish-speaking countries.
The Maya Population and Culture
Inhabiting an area that stretches from southern Mexico to El Salvador and Honduras, the Maya people represent the most populous indigenous group on the narrow isthmus linking North and South America. An estimated 7 million Maya call Central America home. Travelers can experience contemporary Maya culture at marketplaces and town plazas, where traditional Mayan outfits, religious practices, and languages remain proudly on display.
Explore the Greatest Maya Architecture
Planning a trip to the four northernmost countries in Central America—Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador? Do not miss the opportunity to visit ancient Mayan ruins. Visitors can wander through some of the most spectacular surviving Pre-Columbian architecture in the Americas and imagine what life was like between 2000 BCE and 1500 CE, the height of Maya civilization.
Tikal, Guatemala
Best Ruins for Sheer Grandeur
Taking over 800 years to construct, Tikal is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Guatemala’s top destinations. While Tikal is only partly excavated, the site covers more than 10,000 structures, many dating back to 900 CE. Visitors can explore soaring temples, regal pyramids rising above the jungle canopy, inscribed stone slabs, and expansive plazas.
The distinct jungle vibe, complete with causeways connecting attractions beneath twisting canopies and dangling vines, creates an immersive experience. Plan for a full day, but consider an overnight stay in nearby Flores.
Altun Ha, Belize
Best for a Coastal Jaunt
If the Temple of Masonry Altars at Altun Ha looks familiar, it’s likely due to its depiction on Belikin beer bottles. Altun Ha serves as the main attraction at Belize’s most accessible Mayan site. Once a significant trade center during the Classical Mayan period, this site boasts a central ceremonial plaza with grand temples and smaller excavated structures. It’s a favored destination for tours from coastal areas.
Copán, Honduras
Best for Intricate Carvings
While Tikal may stand out for impressive architecture, Copán is renowned for its intricate stone carvings. Oversized stone stelae narrate the history of the site’s ancient Mayan rulers, complemented by the impressive hieroglyphic stairway, known as the longest Maya text. Copán is recognized as a World Heritage site and provides insight into the Mayan civilization’s flourishing years (from 400 to 800 CE).
Caracol, Belize
Best for the Jungle Setting
Once home to a population of 150,000, the ancient Maya city of Caracol features the tallest Mayan ruin in Belize. Resonating with history, Caracol offers restored temples, plazas, and abundant tropical wildlife, perfect for nature enthusiasts.
Tazumal, El Salvador
Best for Macabre History
Tazumal is the largest Mayan relic in El Salvador, noted for its complex drainage systems and stone slabs, raising questions about Mayan traditions. It has a chilling name, meaning “pyramid where the victims are buried,” and features 23 eerie tombs.
Lamanai, Belize
Best for a River Adventure
The name Lamanai means “submerged crocodile,” aptly describing this intriguing Mayan site set along a jungle river. Visitors often take guided riverboat trips to explore the site, climb temples, and enjoy the surrounding nature.
El Mirador, Guatemala
Best for Real Jungle Adventures
El Mirador offers a thrilling experience for adventurers willing to traverse the jungle. The ruins include the largest pyramid built by the Maya. Excursions often require a substantial commitment, but explorers may discover hidden treasures in the lush surroundings.
Xunantunich, Belize
Best for Spooky Encounters
This ceremonial hub is steeped in ghostly legends, making it an eerie site to explore. The name Xunantunich translates to “maiden of the rock,” and visitors may encounter the ghostly figure said to wander the ruins.
Chichicastenango, Guatemala
Best for Living Maya Culture
For those curious about the survival of Maya culture, visiting Chichicastenango’s bustling market is a glimpse into daily life. The vibrant community showcases a mix of ancient traditions and modern-day commerce, making it a unique experience for travelers.
