Traveling from Northern France to Spain: A Border Journey

France is in the epicenter of Europe, featuring diverse borders that have significantly influenced its culture. The country showcases influences from Belgium in the north, Germany in Alsace, Switzerland and Italy to the east and southeast, and the unique cultures of Spain along the Pyrenees border. This blend creates a dynamic mix of cultural experiences and culinary styles, making quick trips across borders an enriching option.

France and the Belgian/Luxembourg Border

The northern region, encompassing Nord-Pas-de-Calais and the Ardennes, stretches along the Franco-Belgian border. It begins at Bray-Dunes, just north of Dunkirk, and runs southward near the hilltop town of Cassel, then northeastward to vibrant Lille and the textile-focused town of Roubaix, ultimately descending past the Luxembourg border through the beautiful and oft-overlooked Ardennes region.

World War I and II

This area, deeply affected by both world wars, serves as prime territory for individuals fascinated by 20th-century wartime history.

In World War I, the initial tank battle occurred at Cambrai, with multiple sites and memorials commemorating British, Australian, and Canadian troops surrounding the region. Significant American memorials highlight the essential role the U.S. played during the war. Notably, the moving memorials reflect a global interest in World War I.

During World War II, Dunkirk became a pivotal site due to the large-scale evacuation of British, French, and Commonwealth forces.

Things to See in the Region

The region also boasts charming attractions with no reminders of wartime tragedies. Notable sites include the enchanting private gardens at Séricourt and the Louvre-Lens, a satellite of the Louvre museum showcasing an impressive collection of French art spanning from ancient civilizations to contemporary works.

Although Henri Matisse is commonly associated with southern France, his birthplace is in the north. Exploring the Matisse Museum in Le Cateau-Cambresis provides unique insights into this renowned Impressionist painter’s formative years.

France and the German Border

The Alsace region serves as a crossroads between Germany and Switzerland, significantly influencing its culture. Strasbourg, the region’s largest city, boasts a rich history as part of the Holy Roman Empire until 1681, when it was annexed by France.

More to Do in Alsace

• Visit Colmar to admire the astonishing Issenheim Altarpiece.
• Mulhouse is home to the national car collection, the Cite de l’Automobile, perfect for car enthusiasts.
• Metz features the Centre Pompidou-Metz, hosting internationally acclaimed exhibitions.
• Verdun marks the site of one of World War I’s bloodiest battles, symbolizing the futility of warfare.
• The scenic Vosges mountains provide stunning views along the Crest Road.

France and the Swiss Border

The France-Swiss border stretches for 572 km (355 miles) without customs controls, facilitating heavy travel between the two regions. Two primary airports, Basel-Mulhouse in France and Geneva in Switzerland, see numerous visitors, especially during the skiing season.

France and the Italian Border

The Franco-Italian border, extending from Chamonix to the Mediterranean, draws numerous visitors. Renowned ski resorts such as Courchevel offer luxurious experiences, while the Mercantour National Park features beautiful landscapes perfect for hiking.

France and the Spanish Border

The border between France and Spain runs from south of Perpignan along the Pyrenees to the west coast, featuring areas popular for walking, such as the Parc National of the Pyrenees. The region also offers a slower lifestyle, rich in rural charm, contrasting with the hustle and bustle of the Côte d’Azur.

Regional Cooking

The cooking style in this area is infused with robust flavors, depicting the integral culture of the Pyrenean mountains. Noteworthy dishes include cassoulet, featuring Toulouse sausage, duck, and white beans, best enjoyed with a hearty red wine.

Basque Country

As you venture westward, the Basque Country mirrors language and culture on both sides of the border. Its breathtaking coastline offers both beaches and rocky inlets, making it a hotspot for surfing.

Basque Country Cuisine

Don’t miss trying piperade, made of eggs with slow-cooked tomatoes, peppers, and Bayonne ham. Additionally, the region’s seafood offerings, such as ttoro (Basque fish soup) and various fresh fish, are exceptional.