Top Things to Do in Tanzania

Many know the East African country of Tanzania for the Great Migration at Serengeti National Park, but there’s an abundance of history and wilderness waiting to be explored within this diverse region.

Around the country, several national parks are home to the largest concentration of wildlife in Africa. Furthermore, the coast boasts some of the world’s most captivating islands and warm waters, while underwater lies an oceanic wonderland filled with vibrant colors and depths. In the cities, structures narrate stories of battles, conquests, and triumphs. Although you’ll need a lifetime to uncover it all, let’s delve into the top things to do in Tanzania.

1. Go Diving and Snorkeling in Zanzibar

Zanzibar is Africa’s paradise, with warm, sky-blue waters caressing shores of fine white sand spanning miles—truly the stuff dreams are made of. However, the real magic lies beneath the surface. Schools of colorful fish, playful bottlenose and spinner dolphins, and majestic whale sharks glide around kaleidoscopic coral reefs.

Planning tip: The waters around Mnemba Island and Kizimkazi Beach are ideal for aquatic adventures, though any of the numerous beaches present wonderful opportunities.

2. See the Serengeti from a Hot-Air Balloon

Few experiences on earth compare to the magic of surveying the endless plains of the Serengeti. The Maasai people have lived harmoniously with an extraordinary array of fauna and flora in this region for centuries.

At dawn, as the hot-air balloon fills with air, the rising sun slowly reveals its presence, illuminating the color-streaked clouds. Below, thousands of antelope, warthogs, zebras, lions, rhinos, and elephants peacefully commence their day.

Planning tip: The Great Migration, a spectacle of nature, occurs from May to September, making this an ideal location to witness the event.

3. Summit Mt Kilimanjaro

Mt Kilimanjaro is Africa’s tallest mountain and a magnet for adventure seekers. There’s nothing quite as thrilling as reaching the summit of Uhuru Peak, which stands at 5895 m (19,341 ft) on Kibo’s crater rim.

Planning tips: The average summit duration is five days, although some routes may take longer due to terrain conditions. Eight routes lead to Uhuru Peak; Marangu and Rongai are easier while Machame, Shira, and Lemosho are more challenging, yet reaching Africa’s highest point is a victory beyond compare.

4. Spend the Night in an Underwater Room off the Coast of Pemba

The Manta Resort’s Underwater Room is a wooden structure anchored on the ocean floor near Pemba Island. Amidst calm cerulean waters, this unique edifice appears to float. On the deck, bask in the sun by day, and by night, gaze into a sky full of stars.

When you’re ready, descend to a modern underwater bedroom surrounded by glass walls, allowing for an unforgettable encounter with the ocean’s beauty. Although this experience comes at a premium, the thrill of what lies beneath makes it worthwhile.

5. Enjoy a Meal at the Rock in Zanzibar

The Rock is a charming restaurant set on a stone base on the ocean floor at Michamvi’s Pingwe Beach. During low tide, visitors can walk to this culinary haven, while at high tide, it requires a boat trip to access its doors—hence its nickname, Tidal Island.

The dining experience here transcends mere sustenance; it’s a delight for the senses. With European-inspired dishes infused with local seafood, fruits, and spices, the menu offers a harmonious blend of Asian and African culinary influences. Don’t miss the grilled lobster, a true indulgence.

6. Swim with Whale Sharks on Mafia Island

Mafia Island, known as Whale Shark Island, is one of Tanzania’s best-kept secrets. Although a part of the archipelago, it boasts far less traffic than its counterpart, Unguja Island. Swimming through coral reefs alongside these gentle giants creates memories to last a lifetime.

Planning tip: Whale Shark Island welcomes these magnificent creatures from October to March.

7. Eat Your Heart Out at Forodhani Night Market in Zanzibar

As the sun sets over the Forodhani Gardens, the bustling energy of daily life in Zanzibar transforms into a culinary haven. Chefs donning white jackets and top hats create a medley of Tanzania’s finest street food.

Feast on falafel, tandoori chicken cutlets, nyama choma (roasted meat), skewers of octopus, and spicy samosas. Be sure to try the Zanzibar pizza, an omelet of fried eggs, dough, and diced veggies, all washed down with refreshing sugarcane juice.

8. Climb Ol Doinyo Lengai, an Active Volcano

Ol Doinyo Lengai, located in the Arusha region, is an active volcano renowned for its unique geological features. The mountain has experienced 16 eruptions in the past century and continues to be a focal point for geologists due to its distinctive cold lava.

Planning tip: The ascent is steep and takes about six hours to complete; prepare adequately as it can be challenging even for experienced mountaineers.

9. Explore the History of Enslavement at the Slave Market Exhibit in Zanzibar

From 1698 until 1897, Zanzibar housed one of the world’s most infamous slave markets. Tippu Tip, the region’s wealthiest trader, had his house transformed into a museum open to visitors.

The Slave Market Exhibit showcases a poignant sculpture of chained enslaved individuals, created with the original chains. In 1873, the abolition of the trade led to the establishment of the Anglican Cathedral over the former market. Explore the somber chambers once used to confine enslaved people.

10. Indulge in a Luxe Stay on Thanda Island

For those looking to indulge in luxury, Thanda Island provides an exquisite retreat off the Indian Ocean coast. This private island is dedicated to marine conservation, offering activities such as swimming with whale sharks and diving in the largest protected marine reserve in the Indian Ocean.

Planning tip: For an extravagant experience, consider utilizing a private helicopter and yacht to enhance your stay.

11. Spend a Day with the Hadzabe People

Tanzania is home to over 100 ethnic groups offering cultural tours, including the well-known Maasai in the northern highlands. The Hadzabe people, residing near Lake Eyasi, are among the last hunter-gatherers in Africa.

Planning tip: A cultural tour with the Hadzabe can be organized locally, allowing you to participate in a game hunt and gain profound insights into their daily life, rituals, and beliefs.

12. Go Back in Time at the Olduvai Museum

Two million years ago, early human ancestors called the Ngorongoro Conservation Area home. The discovery of hominid fossils by paleoanthropologist Mary Leakey in 1959 put this region on the global map.

Located on the fringe of Olduvai Gorge, the Olduvai Museum preserves significant remnants of early life, alongside showcasing the area’s rich history. Don’t miss the chance to see hominid footprints that are at least 1.6 million years old.

This article was first published on Mar 7, 2022, and updated on Nov 16, 2023.