The History and Transformation of Super Bowl Halftime Shows

The Super Bowl halftime show has become a spectacle almost as big as the game itself. Millions of people around the world will tune in this year to watch Usher take the stage at Super Bowl LVIII. Other artists who’ve performed in the past include Michael Jackson, Madonna, Prince, Paul McCartney, Beyoncé, and Lady Gaga, just to name a few.

However, the Super Bowl halftime shows haven’t always been star-studded. Before the 1990s, the halftime entertainment usually consisted of marching bands and drill teams commonly seen at college football games.

The first Super Bowl was held at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in 1967.
The first Super Bowl was held at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in 1967. The halftime entertainment included trumpeter Al Hirt, a local high school drill team and the marching bands of Grambling State University and the University of Arizona. But the most memorable performers might have been the Bell Rocket Air Men flying around in jet packs. Vic Stein/AP
The New Christy Minstrels, a folk and pop group, were one of the performers during the Super Bowl halftime show in 1970.
The New Christy Minstrels, a folk and pop group, were one of the performers during the Super Bowl halftime show in 1970. The game was held at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans, so the show’s theme was tribute to Mardi Gras. Underwood Archives/Getty Images
Hirt plays the trumpet while Ella Fitzgerald sings at the Super Bowl in 1972.
Hirt plays the trumpet while Ella Fitzgerald sings at the Super Bowl in 1972. The show that year paid tribute to jazz legend Louis Armstrong, who died the year before.

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The halftime show in 1977 was produced by Disney, and the theme was 'It's a Small World.'
The halftime show in 1977 was produced by Disney, and the theme was ‘It’s a Small World.’

Heinz Kluetmeier/Sports Illustrated/Getty Images

A Mardi Gras-themed float is part of the show in 1981, which took place inside the Louisiana Superdome.
A Mardi Gras-themed float is part of the show in 1981, which took place inside the Louisiana Superdome.
The crowd contributes a colorful background to the Super Bowl halftime show in 1983.
The crowd contributes a colorful background to the Super Bowl halftime show in 1983, held at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California.

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The NFL switched things up in 1991, featuring popular boy band New Kids on the Block.
The NFL switched things up in 1991, featuring popular boy band New Kids on the Block for the Super Bowl’s 25th anniversary; however, TV audiences didn’t see the show until after the game due to ABC’s Gulf War news report.

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Michael Jackson performed several hit songs in 1993.
The ‘King of Pop,’ Michael Jackson, performed several of his hit songs in 1993. His performance is often credited with launching the tradition of blockbuster halftime shows.

Rusty Kennedy/AP

Diana Ross headlined the Super Bowl halftime show in 1996.
A helicopter picks up Diana Ross after she headlined the Super Bowl halftime show in 1996.

Kevin Terrell/AP

The 2001 halftime show brought together several stars.
The 2001 halftime show brought together several stars from different musical genres including Justin Timberlake, Aerosmith’s Steven Tyler, Britney Spears, and Nelly. Mary J. Blige also performed that year.

Al Messerschmidt/AP

A mural at the 2002 show honors 9/11 victims.
A mural at the 2002 show honors those who died in the September 11 terrorist attacks.

Kevin Terrell/AP

The 2004 show is known for Janet Jackson's incident.
The 2004 show is forever known for Janet Jackson’s ‘wardrobe malfunction’ when Timberlake revealed her right breast, resulting in widespread outrage and an FCC investigation. Consequently, the NFL opted for safer acts in the following years.
Paul McCartney performs at the Super Bowl halftime show in 2005.
Beatles great Paul McCartney performs at the Super Bowl halftime show in 2005.
Mick Jagger performs during the 2006 halftime show.
Rolling Stones frontman Mick Jagger dances during the 2006 halftime show.
Prince performed at the Super Bowl in 2007.
Prince played at the Super Bowl in 2007, where a soggy day in south Florida provided the perfect backdrop for his song “Purple Rain.”

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Bruce Springsteen performs at the halftime show in 2009.
Bruce Springsteen rocks out with the E Street Band at the halftime show in 2009.
Madonna performs at the halftime show in 2012.
Madonna, clad as a Roman goddess, is carried to the stage in 2012.

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Katy Perry's performance in 2015 was memorable.
Katy Perry was a hit in 2015, but maybe not as much as “Left Shark,” which quickly became a meme.

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The 2016 show combined performances by various artists.
Fans took part in the 2016 show at Levi’s Stadium in Santa Clara, California, showcasing a colorful display that read “Believe in Love,” during a performance featuring Bruno Mars, Beyoncé, and Coldplay.
Lady Gaga performed in 2017.
Lady Gaga is suspended in the air while performing in Houston in 2017.
Shakira and Jennifer Lopez performed in 2020.
Shakira and Jennifer Lopez teamed up in 2020 when the game was played in south Florida.

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Rihanna performed during the Super Bowl halftime show in 2023.
Rihanna performs during the Super Bowl halftime show in 2023, opening the show by hanging high above the field on a platform. During her closing song, she rubbed her abdomen, sparking speculation that she might be expecting. After the performance, a Rihanna representative confirmed her pregnancy.


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